Thursday, March 15, 2012

(Here's the other big problem with this story. Pickett blamed Little Warrior with killing the seven at Duck River and the abduction of Mrs. Crawley. This was an inexcusable mistake because he had access to the American State Papers:Indian Affairs Vol. 1 when he wrote his History of Alabama. Well, Pickett's problem is now our problem because umpteen different historians have blamed Little Warrior for Mrs. Crawley where his crime was the massacre of families at the mouth of the Ohio almost a year later.http://www.illinoishistory.com/moundcitymassacre.html )

Text of an historical marker that used to be located on the north side of U.S. 11 near Friday Oil. We used to read it when I first came here when we drove out for steaks at Nicks. It reads:
Black Warrior's Town
One-half mile north was the Creek Indian village known as Black Warrior's Town, on which Oce-Oche-Motla was chief. After Tecumseh's visit in 1811, these Indians became hostile to white settlers. In 1812 Little Warrior brought Mrs. Martha Crawley of Tennessee to this Indian Village as a captive. She was rescued by Tandy Walker, a blacksmith, and taken to St. Stephens. This was one of the incidents which led to the Creek War. The village was destroyed in October 1813 by Colonel John Coffee and his Tennessee Volunteers, on of whom was Davy Crockett.

Published in the October 17, 1812 Niles Register:
From the September 5, 1812 Tennessee Herald
http://www.archive.org/stream/nilesweeklyregis03balt#page/106/mode/2up

Ten years ago I wrote "On a June night in 1812, the Black Warrior's Town, located about where Tuscaloosa now stands, was not a very comfortable place for a U.S. citizen to spend the evening."I wrote that under the assumption that the secondary historical sources I had consulted were correct. These sources included the text of an historical marker that used to be located on the north side of U.S. 11 near Friday Oil. We used to read it when I first came here when we drove out for steaks at Nicks. It is my understanding that the City of Tuscaloosa now has the marker in storage.It reads:Black Warrior's TownOne-half mile north was the Creek Indian village known as Black Warrior's Town, on which Oce-Oche-Motla was chief. After Tecumseh's visit in 1811, these Indians became hostile to white settlers. In 1812 Little Warrior brought Mrs. Martha Crawley of Tennessee to this Indian Village as a captive. She was rescued by Tandy Walker, a blacksmith, and taken to St. Stephens. This was one of the incidents which led to the Creek War. The village was destroyed in October 1813 by Colonel John Coffee and his Tennessee Volunteers, on of whom was Davy Crockett.Probably the most accurate statement on that marker is"This was one of the incidents which led to the Creek War."Anyone with any walking around sense (that ABSOLUTELY excludes most all currently living academic shitheads http://blogspot.com/academicshithead ) who has studied this subject is amazed at the inaccuracies which have been printed about Mrs. Crawley's story as well stories about all of the incidents which led to the Creek War of 1813-1814 here in Alabama.In 1919, Bureau of American Ethnology researcher, J.R. Swanton, located Black Warrior's Townat the point where Sipsey Fork meets Mulberry Fork up above Sumiton in Walker County.That is a long, long way from Tuscaloosa.But let's continue with my narrative from '97...

SOUTHERN FRONTIER
"It has been expected for a long time that an English force would be thrown into Pensacola; it is now ascertained that black troops, under the command of British officers, have arrived from Cuba, and taken possession of that place; and are reconstructing the works for its defense.

The policy of stationing troops of that description upon our frontiers cannot be mistaken. The same hand which has incited against us the scalping knife and the tomahawk of the Indians, will not stop to renew upon the Mobile and the lower Mississippi the tragedy of St. Domingo...
No doubt can be entertained but that the troops from this state are destined by the general government to succour the settlements on the Mobile, to expel the British from West Florida, and to extend the boundaries of the republic to the gulf of Mexico."

Typical errors in describing the importance of Little Warrior's crimes:

In 1812, Creek headman Little Warrior led a war party on the Duck River in Tennessee, one of many such attacks during the Red Stick spiritual revolt against Anglo-American influence. White settlers were killed in this attack and, at the insistence of Benjamin Hawkins, a U.S. Creek agent, the Creek National Council ordered the execution of Little Warrior and his war party. This action against Little Warrior by the Creeks precipitated retaliatory attacks by the Red Sticks that provoked a Creek civil war between Upper and Lower Creeks.


Handwritten COPY, made in St. Stephens on April 28, 1813, of an original letter from Tuckabatchee dated April 18, 1813 written by Alexander Cornells and Big Warrior concerning Little Warrior:
http://digital.archives.alabama.gov/cdm4/item_viewer.php?CISOROOT=/voices&CISOPTR=3758&CISOBOX=1&REC=2

Sam Moniac's deposition taken by U.S. Judge Harry Toulmin on August 2, 1813, concerning Little Warrior bringing a letter from a British General in Canada:
http://www.archives.state.al.us/teacher/creekwar/creek1.html

He (ed. note: High Head Jim) then told me that they were going down to Pensacola to get ammunition, and that they had got a letter from a British General which would enable them to receive ammunition from the Governor. That it had been given to the Little Warrior, and saved by his Nephew when he was killed and sent down to Francis.

Woodward's Reminiscences, April 2, 1858:
So soon as Col. Hawkins learned that Lott was murdered, he sent Christian Limbo, a German, to Cowetaw, to see Billy McIntosh, a half-breed chief. From Cowetaw, Limbo and McIntosh went to Thleacatska or Brokenarrow, to see Little Prince. The Prince was too old for active service, and sent a well known half-breed, George Lovet, who was also a chief. Lovet took with him some Cussetas and McIntosh some Cowetas, and accompanied Limbo to Tuckabatchy to see the Big Warrior. He placed some Tuckabatchys under a chief called Emutta and the celebrated John McQueen, a negro, and all under the control of McIntosh, went in pursuit of the murderers. They found them on the Notasulga creek, at a place known since as Williamson Ferrell's settlement: where they shot the leaders and returned to their respective towns. This act aroused the Tallassees, and James McQueen, who had controlled them for 95 years having died the year before, his influence was lost, and from talks made some time before by Tecumseh the Sowanaka or Shawnee, and Seekaboo, a Warpicanata chief and prophet, (who was afterwards at the destruction of Ft. Mimms,) a number of the young warriors and a few old ones had become restless. Not long after Lott was killed, an old gentleman named Merideth was killed at the crossing on Catoma Creek, in what is now Montgomery county. This was done by the Otisees in a drunken spree. The Big Warrior undertook to have them punished, but failed to do so, and in attempting to arrest them an Otisee was killed. A few days after this, the Otisees attacked a party of Tuckabachys, under the chief Emutta, at the Old Agency or Polecat Springs, which was then occupied by Nimrod Doyle. Doyle had been a soldier under Gen. St. Clair, was at his defeat and afterwards with Gen. Wayne.

About this time, or a little after, a chief, Tustanuggachee or Little Warrior, and a Coowersortda Indian, known as Capt. Isaacs, who had gone north-west with Tecumseh, were returning to the Creek nation, and learned from some Chickasaws that the Creeks had gone to war. Relying on this information, the Little Warrior's party did some mischief on the frontier of Tennessee as well as killed a few persons. On their return to the nation they found that war had not actually broken out, but only the few little depredations that I have mentioned, had been committed. The Coowersortda Indians, Capt. Sam. Isaacs, (a name that he borrowed from an old trader who died some years back in Lincoln county, Tenn., and who was one of the most cunning, artful scamps I ever saw among the Indians,) gave the Big Warrior information about the murders in Tennessee. Isaacs from his tricks and management and having Alexander McGillivray's daughter for a wife, was let out of the scrape; but the Little Warrior being a Hickory-Ground Indian, set the Coosa Indians at variance with the Big Warrior. After this the Tuckabatchys, Ninny-pask-ulgees, or Road Indians, the Chunnanuggees and Conaligas all forted in, at Tuckabatchy, to defend themselves from those that had turned hostile.

I have often heard Sam Moniac say, that if Lott had not been killed at the time he was, it was his belief that the war could have been prevented.

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